Buttons are the same as icons if you are using them in your skin. We use them like that here:
http://academicskills.uwe.ac.uk/has/workbooks/has-low/7205/academic-skills
But it's going to mean a lot of js and css if you want to "override" the core buttons. To do that you'd probably be better off using the less or sass features of bootstrap to restyle the core html. I stuck with the page submit and cancel buttons jamroom styling as it was a time-saving corner to cut.
You can replace core form fields by overriding them in your skin. e.g. place a file jrCore_page_notice.tpl in your active skin directory, copy in the contents of /modules/jrCore/templates/page_notice.tpl and then edit the html to suit your site's needs.
If you are going to restyle core form fields my best advice would be to avoid the ACP altogether - use jrAdminSkin to always use jrElastic in the ACP and then modify your jrElastic header and footer to more or less match your skin. Only admins see the Elastic look anyway, users see your custom skinned forms in the profile views.
You will have to deal with the differences between Jamroom and Bootstrap variable naming (like "error" in Jamroom and "danger" in Bootstrap, so the jrCore_page_notice.tpl might look like this:
{* page_notice shows notices, warnings, errors and success messages under a page_banner *}
{* NOTE: This is NOT SHOWN for AJAX response *}
{* $notice_label will contain the actual notice level - i.e. "error, "success", "warning", "notice" and in bootstrap: "danger, "success", "warning", "info" *}
{if $notice_type == 'success'}{assign var='alert_type' value=' alert-success'}{elseif $notice_type == 'error'}{assign var='alert_type' value=' alert-danger'}{elseif $notice_type == 'warning'}{assign var='alert_type' value=' alert-warning'}{elseif $notice_type == 'notice'}{assign var='alert_type' value=' alert-info'}{/if}
<div id="page_notice" class="page_notice alert{$alert_type} alert-block">
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert">×</button>
<strong>{$notice_label}!</strong> {$notice_text}
</div>
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updated by @ultrajam: 09/09/16 01:35:31PM